SPC uses statistical methods like control charts to monitor and control manufacturing processes. It helps detect variation early, ensuring consistent product quality and reducing rework or scrap.

MSA evaluates the accuracy, precision, and reliability of measurement instruments and systems. It identifies sources of variation such as repeatability and reproducibility in inspection processes.

PPAP ensures that supplier production processes consistently meet all customer requirements. It involves document submission like Process Flow, Control Plan, FMEA, and sample parts.

APQP is a structured method of defining and executing product quality planning steps. It facilitates communication between customers and suppliers during product development.

GD&T defines the allowable variation in form, orientation, and position of features. It ensures clear communication between design, production, and inspection teams. It helps improve fit, function, and interchangeability of parts.

A Control Plan outlines the monitoring and control measures for critical product and process characteristics. It is a live document updated based on process changes, audits, or customer feedback.

Maintenance ensures continuous equipment performance and avoids unexpected breakdowns. Types include preventive, predictive, and breakdown maintenance with specific strategies.

Quality inspection verifies conformance of products to specified requirements using tools and gauges. Effective reporting communicates inspection results, deviations, and corrective actions.

Customer complaints are managed systematically through investigation, root cause analysis, and corrective actions. IS standards guide the documentation and closure of complaints to ensure customer satisfaction.

Negotiation involves reaching mutually beneficial agreements with customers, vendors, or team members. Key skills include active listening, persuasion, objection handling, and conflict resolution.

Six Sigma uses the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) method to reduce defects. It relies on statistical tools and structured problem-solving approaches.

NPD involves converting market needs into manufacturable and reliable products. A structured handover ensures smooth transition from development to production with complete documentation.